Sierra Leone is bordered on the north-west, south west and north-east by simply the Republic Guinea, on the south-east by the Republic of Liberia and on south-west by simply the Atlantic Sea. It has the area of twenty-seven, 925 square mls. The colony involving Sierra Leone originated from the sale in addition to cession in 1787 by native chiefs to English settlers of a piece of land intended as being a home for African settlers who have been waifs in London in addition to later it was used as a settlement for separated African slaves. The hinterland was declared a British Protectorate on 21st July, 1896. Sierra Leone attained independence in 27th April, 1961 and became some sort of Republic in the year of 1971. Education is supplied by both exclusive and state-sponsored colleges. The current technique of education is usually 6-3-4-4 (that is definitely six years Principal school, three years Jr Secondary School, four years Senior Extra School and four many years tertiary/higher education. This particular system is complemented by non- official education.
CONCEPT OF SCHOOLING
Education is usually frequently found in typically the sense of instruction in the classroom, laboratory, workshop or domestic science place and consists principally inside the imparting by simply the teacher, in addition to the acquisition by pupils, of details and mental because well as manual skills. A wider meaning than instruction is that associated with schooling. That is to say almost all that goes in inside the school because part of the particular pupil’s life there. It provides, among various other things, relationship among pupils and teachers, pupils and pupils both in in addition to outside the college. L. S. Mill (1931) opined that no matter what helps to condition the human becoming; to make the particular individual what they are or hinder him from staying what he could be certainly not is section of the education. Implicitly schooling is lifelong and ubiquitous; is it doesn’t total total of almost all influences which get to create a particular person what they are, through birth to dying. It includes the house, our neighbors, plus the street among some others.
Education is to some extent some sort of deliberate planned procedure devised and executed by the instructor with the purpose associated with imbuing the spanish student with certain data, skills, of mind and body because well as settings of behavior regarded as desirable. In portion it does not take learner’s personal response to the atmosphere in which he or she lives. Education features three focal details: the individual/person upon whom the educator’s influences are produced to bear; the particular society or neighborhood to which they belongs; and the particular whole context regarding reality within which in turn the individual plus society play their very own part. Man is definitely a social creature; he grows being a person through the particular impact of persona on personality; in addition to even for their basic physical needs he depends on the assist and cooperation regarding his fellow males and women. Without having society and the particular mutual support plus enrichment of activities which it provides world is impossible and even the life regarding man, in Hobbes’ words, is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. “
One of the particular fundamental facts associated with human existence is the tension between pull of typically the past and the particular forward urge into the future, between stability and modification, tradition and creativity. For effective lifestyle, man requires a circle of security, an area of set up habits and partnership which forms trustworthy relationships. This will be also true involving society. For the effective functioning generally there must be a continuity of cultures and outlook which usually preserves its personality as a society and safeguards it up against the disruptive results of change. Modification must be for life and not static but this alter in turn need to be controlled simply by the basic cultures of society. This is tradition which provides a nation it is character and distinctiveness as a community. The conservation involving tradition therefore is obviously crucial.
It has been acknowledged from time immemorial that the preservation of traditional schooling has a vital part to perform in the progress the child. The particular children of today are typically the adults of another day; they must learn therefore, to receive and perpetuate the beliefs and ways of life unusual to the specific society to which in turn they belong. Intended for every society has got the desire to preserve itself not just physically but as community consciously sharing selected aims, ideals in addition to patterns of habits. This type associated with education is not necessarily formal inside schools through class room instruction but of which effected indirectly by way of the family and from the impact on the individual associated with social influences in addition to customs which typically the child cannot evade. In Sierra Leone this social education included elaborate services of initiation concerning feats of endurance by which young males and women must prove themselves worthy of the community. The ultimate goal was basically to produce someone who was honest, respectful, qualified, cooperative, and who could comply with the social order regarding the day. As Aristotle once mentioned “the constitution of a state is going to suffer if education and learning is neglected. Typically the citizens of some sort of state should often be educated to suit the constitution of the state. The variety of character appropriate to a metabolism is the influence which continues to sustain it as this is also the particular state force which often originally created it” (p. I).
STANDARD EDUCATION IN MODERN SOCIETY
Traditional education has both a creative in addition to conservation function within society; it is a powerful means of conserving a society’s customs, if not lifestyle. During the past the characteristics and needs of society played part in determining the nature of education. Professor Michael. V. C. Jeffreys (1950) once composed in his book, Glaucon, that “in a tranquil society the educational system can usually reflect typically the social pattern, while social uneasiness plus instability create prospect for using training as an tool of social change”(p. 7). A comparable view was contributed by John Dewey (1897) who opined that through education and learning society can come up with its own purposes, might organize its individual means and sources and thus preserve itself with definiteness and economy within the direction in which often it wishes to be able to move. Education feels both to the previous and the foreseeable future; inevitably it reflects the traditions in addition to character of community. Traditional education enables you to prepare for modifications in society plus anticipate and prevent adjustments or the effects of changes in modern society.
Traditional education conserves and hands on the customs plus ways of living which constitute the smoothness of a community and maintains their unity. It also helps society to interpret its functions in new ways to meet the challenges of change, looking for ways or outlines of development that happen to be consistent with the traditions and practices and will as well raise society to some more complete fulfillment of itself.
CLASSIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN SIERRA LEONE
Historical past reveals that at this time there were no official schools where young children were educated in Pre-colonial Sierra Leone. The Poro and even Bondo/Sande Secret Communities were viewed as institutions to coach children. They were bush schools. And the education these bush schools provided has been informal. Children who had these magic formula societies were regarded as able to carrying out and about their civic tasks. They became grownups and can get married and start life. They considered them selves jointly family. In other words each Secret Societies create a sense of comradeship and unity among members irrespective of family, clan or even ethnic affiliation. That was therefore considered that children which had not been through these secret organizations were not fully matured.
The Poro Secret Society is definitely for boys. The spiritual head regarding the Poro Society is Pa Gbonu, seen only from the older graduates or perhaps members. The actual physical heads are typically the Pa Sama Yorgbors and Pa Somanos. They direct the particular activities in the company. The senior instructors are the Pa Kashis, who usually teach and supply instructions to some other initiators. The Pennsylvania Manchiyas serve as instructors to the initiates while the Kachemas are the scaring mood. They scare the women and youngsters alike alongside the new initiates. The Rakas are the errand boys carrying messages around. The Yambas are the brain boys. The Bomos would be the senior prefects as the Sayboms will be the prefects; in addition to the monitors are the Gbanaboms. Informal is held in typically the Secret Poro Rose bush. افضل جامعة فى مص educated include Creative Sensible Arts, Performing Martial arts, Practical Agriculture, Medicine i. e. using local herbs to the treatment of diverse ailments), warfare and other skills. Inside Creative Practical Martial arts initiates are trained how to help make fishing nets, containers, mats, and carving wood and cleansing soap stones into various objects such since animals and humans; in Performing Arts initiates are trained singing, dancing and even the use regarding Poro musical devices. In Practical Farming initiates practice gardening. Boys are taught to deal with hardship without having complaint and expand used to it. Therefore they are taken in order to the farms involving their teachers in addition to elders to do the job on pro vale basis. However during the harvest period initiates could move through these farms taking whatever they need and eat without having being questioned simply by farm owners. Initiates are taught to be able to respect elders and even use of guns to kill animals. In a similar vein initiates will be taught how to be able to use guns in fighting in security of their residential areas. Other skills initiates are taught incorporate making fish blocks, fishing and looking net, and basketry. Inside the use of herbs initiates spend money (some widely given) for recovery various sicknesses as well as for protection against opponents, evil spirits in addition to snake bites. Initiates who want to cause harm to others employing herbs could ‘redeem’ the herb/medicine involved. Over all starts are taught some sort of new Language spoken only by users called Ke Sornor. For example fonka trika meaning We are talking to a person; fonka bonomi which means Talk to me. The use of this fresh Language makes graduates very proud in addition to feel different from non-initiates. Graduates take place out with fresh names such since Lamp, Langba and Kolerr. A college graduation ceremony climaxes the event.g